Intshayelelo:
Wowu, olu yilo lunokuyibhukuqa ngokupheleleyo imithetho yomdlalo kushishino lwamandla amatsha ehlabathi! Ngomhla we-12 kuFebruwari, 2025, ijenali yelizwe jikelele iNdalo yapapasha impumelelo yotshintsho olululo. Iqela likaPeng Huisheng/Gao Yue osuka kwiYunivesithi yaseFudan eTshayina lenze entshaibhetri ye-lithium "yokuvuselela" iteknoloji, ukuphula imigaqo yoyilo lwendabuko yeebhetri ze-lithium iminyaka engaphezu kwe-30, enokwandisa ubomi bebhetri ngamaxesha angaphezu kwe-10! Ibhetri ye-lithium yentsimbi ye-phosphate eqhelekileyo isagcina i-96% yomthamo wayo emva kwe-11,818 yentlawulo kunye nemijikelezo yokukhupha! Uyazi, iibhetri ze-lithium okwangoku kwiimarike zisetyenziselwa amaxesha angama-1000-2000.
Ithetha ntoni le nto? I-Tesla yayisoloko idinga ukutshintsha ibhetri yayo yonke iminyaka eyi-6-8, kodwa ngoku inokuqhutywa iminyaka engama-60 ngaphandle kokuyitshintsha! I-iPhone yakho inokuhlawuliswa kwaye ikhutshwe amaxesha angama-10,000 ngaphandle kokuphulukana namandla!
Ukuphefumlelwa kweteknoloji yokulungisa ibhetri ivela kunyango lomntu
Kwafunyanwa njani oku kungummangaliso?
Kanye njengokunyanga izifo zabantu, sigxile ekulungiseni imiba engundoqo yeebhetri ngelixa sikhusela amalungu azo asempilweni,” ucacise watsho uGao Yue, umphandi kwiYunivesithi yaseFudan.
Ekuqaleni, isizathu esona sizathu sokuba "ukuguga" kweebhetri ze-lithium kwakukulahlekelwa yi-ion ze-lithium. Kanye njengokuba ukungabikho kwesondlo esithile emzimbeni womntu kunokukhokelela ekuguleni, iibhetri nazo zinokufumana ukwehla ekusebenzeni ngenxa yokungondleki. Umbono ophumeleleyo weqela uthi: Ngaba sinokuzalisa iiyoni ze-lithium ezilahlekileyo ebhetrini njengokunika inaliti kwisigulane?
I-AI inceda ukugqobhoza kubuchwephesha obuphambili bokulinganisa ibhetri
Nangona kunjalo, ukufumana "isitofu" esifanelekileyo akungomsebenzi olula. Le molekyuli ephetheyo kufuneka ngaxeshanye ihlangabezane neemfuno ezingqongqo zepropathi yendalo kunye neekhemikhali:
- Ukuba nomsebenzi ofanelekileyo we-electrochemical kunye noluhlu lwamandla okubola.
- Ukunyibilika okufanelekileyo kwi-electrolyte.
- Unozinzo olubalaseleyo lomoya kunye nokuzinza kweekhemikhali.
- I-asidi efanelekileyo, i-alkalinity, kunye ne-reaction kinetics.
- Iimveliso zokubola kufuneka zikhuseleke kwaye zingabi nabungozi.
- Okona kubaluleke kakhulu, kufuneka ingabizi kwaye kube lula ukunyusa imveliso.
Ubukrelekrele bokwenziwa bufumanisa izinto eziphambili
Ngaphandle komzekelo wokulandela, iqela lophando liguqukele kubukrelekrele bokwenziwa. Badibanisa iipropathi zemolekyuli kwaye basebenzise ukufunda koomatshini ukufumana iimpendulo kwisixa esikhulu se-organic chemistry, i-electrochemistry kunye nedatha yobunjineli bezinto.
Umsebenzi onzima waba nemiphumo emihle! Emva kweminyaka emi-4 yokusebenza nzima, ekugqibeleni bafumana isisombululo esifanelekileyo: CF3SO2Li (lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate). Le molekyuli ifana nomthuthi omncinci, ophethe ii-electron ze-lithium kwelinye icala kwaye uzikhuphe ngokukhuselekileyo njengegesi kwelinye icala emva kokuba uthutho lugqityiwe.
Iziphumo zovavanyo ziyothusa!
Kuvavanyo, ibhetri efumene olu "nyango oluchanekileyo" isenokusebenza kufutshane nenqanaba lefektri nasemva kwe-12000 ukuya kwi-60000 yentlawulo kunye nemijikelo yokukhupha. Oku akwaneli nje kuphela ubomi bebhetri, kodwa kukwabonelela ngesisombululo sobuchule esinokubakho ukusombulula ingxaki yongcoliseko olukhulu lwebhetri.
Okuvuyisa ngakumbi kukuba le teknoloji ivule amathuba amatsha:
Kuphunyezwe inkqubo yebhetri ye-lithium ye-cathode ene-voltage ye-3.0V kunye noxinano lwamandla ukuya kwi-1192 Wh / kg.
Kuphuhliswe isingxobo sepochi ye-polyacrylonitrile ye-organic sulfurized polyacrylonitrile cathode enoxinano lwamandla angama-388 Wh/kg.
Impembelelo yenguqu
Le mpumelelo iya kutshintsha ngokupheleleyo imithetho yomdlalo kwishishini elitsha lamandla:
Kuya kunciphisa kakhulu iindleko zokusebenzisa izithuthi zombane, ukunciphisa kakhulu ukungcola kokusingqongileyo okubangelwa ukuchithwa kwebhetri, kunye nokuvula iingcamango ezintsha zokuyila iibhetri ezintsha; eyona nto inomdla kakhulu kukuba iindleko zale teknoloji zibaluleke kakhulu - kulindeleke ukuba ziphendule ngaphantsi kwe-10% yeendleko zebhetri zizonke, oku kuthetha ukuba inamandla okusebenzisa urhwebo olukhulu!
Njengoko umphandi uGao Yue wathi: Nokuba kukwandisa ubomi bebhetri okanye ukuthintela ukulahlwa okukhulu kunye nongcoliseko lokusingqongileyo, olu "nyango oluchanekileyo" lubonelela ngesisombululo sobugcisa esinokwenzeka. Olu phando alubonisi nje amandla okuvelisa amatsha eTshayina kwicandelo lamandla amatsha, kodwa lukwabhengeza ukufika kwexesha elitsha. Kwixesha elizayo elingekude, "ixhala lebhetri" linokuba yimbali. Masijonge phambili ekurhwebeni kobu buchwepheshe benguqu ngokukhawuleza!
Isicelo seNtelekelelo yeendleko:
UJacqueline:jacqueline@heltec-bms.com/ +86 185 8375 6538
Sucre:sucre@heltec-bms.com/ +86 136 8844 2313
Nancy:nancy@heltec-bms.com/ +86 184 8223 7713
Ixesha lokuposa: Feb-28-2025